A Review on the Overall Optimization of Production–Living–Ecological Space: Theoretical Basis and Conceptual Framework

The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party China put forward optimization territorial space development patterns as primary measure ecological civilization construction, and goal “promoting intensive efficient production space, livable moderate living beautiful (picturesque scenery) space”. Through literature research summing induction, this paper combs progress overall “Production–Living–Ecological” (PLES) systematically. It is found that existing work mainly focuses on PLES from perspectives land-use quality, suitability evaluation, resource environmental carrying capacity, comparative advantages. However, due to lack understanding scientific connotation PLES, imperfect construction quantitative identification methods classification system, there are many problems in technical approaches which remain be clarified. In future, technological approach should guided by vision building a China, with theory human–Earth coupling system core, systematically build theoretical framework identify optimize space.